Arabic English Notes
Mastering Arabic 1 Unit 19
المُسْتَقْبَل the future Passive participle of the verb اِسْتَقْبَلَ‎ (istaqbala, “to receive, meet, face”). From the root ق ب ل‎ (q-b-l) "related to front or acceptance". Compare Unit 19 "to meet" (قابَل) and "to receive", Unit 13, 17 "before" (قَبْلَ)
غَداً tomorrow Adverb - adverbial accusative of غَد‎ (ḡad, “morrow; tomorrow”, noun).
عيد ميلاد birthday
عُطْلة (عُطَل) holiday From the root ع ط ل‎ (ʿ-ṭ-l). "forms words related to being unoccupied". See عَطِلَ • (ʿaṭila) I "to lack; to be unemployed, to bt idle; to be unadorned"
دِراسة (دِرَاسَات) study (noun)
اِمْتِحان (اِمْتِحانات) exam From the root م ح ن‎ (m-ḥ-n). "related to experience, to try, to put to the test, to afflict"
خِطّة (خِطَط) plan Or "project, projected course". Also pronounced خُطَّة‎. From the root خ ط ط‎ (ḵ-ṭ-ṭ). Compare خَطَّ • (ḵaṭṭa) I, non-past يَخُطُّ‎ (yaḵuṭṭu) "to draw a line; to carve, inscribe". Different from root ق ط ع "Related to cut and separate".
حَضَر / يَحْضُر to attend From the root ح ض ر‎ (ḥ-ḍ-r), "related to being present". Compare "lecture" (مُحاضَرة) from Unit 18, "certainly" (حاضِر) from Unit 11.
أَمَل / يَأْمُل to hope (error in textbook vowels)
سَأَل / يَسْأَل to ask From the root س ء ل‎ (s-ʾ-l) "related to asking", cognate with Hebrew שָׁאַל‎ (sha'ál, “he asked”).
فَضَّل / يُفَضِّل to prefer
سَخَّن / يُسَخِّن to heat
نَظَّف / يُنَظِّف to clean From the root ن ظ ف‎ (n-ẓ-f). Form I is نَظُفَ • (naẓufa) I, non-past يَنْظُفُ‎ (yanẓufu), "to be clean".
دَرَّس / يُدَرِّس to teach
سافَرَ / يُسافِر to travel Root of "safari", via Swahili
قابَل / يُقابِل to meet See "the future"
حاوَل / يُحاوِل to try/attempt From the root ح و ل‎ (ḥ-w-l) "forms words relating to change". Compare حَوْل • (ḥawl) "power; strength; change, exchange", "year; partition", also (same root?) حَوْلَ • (ḥawla) "around".
اِسْتَقْبَل / يَسْتَقْبِل to receive (guests, etc.) See "the future"
اِسْتَخْدَم / يَسْتَخْدِم to use (error in textbook vowels). "to use; to have oneself served; to take into service, employ". Form X. From the root خ د م‎ (ḵ-d-m). Compare Unit 12 خِدْمَة "service", also خَدَمَ "to serve"
اِسْتَعْلَم / يَسْتَعْلِم to ask/inquire
مَشْغول busy Derived from the passive participle of شَغَلَ‎ (šaḡala, “to occupy, to keep busy”), from the root ش غ ل‎ (š-ḡ-l) "Related to occupation or occupancy."
شَهْر (أَشْهُر/شُهور) month
يَنايِر January
فِبْرايِر February
مَارِِس March
أَبْريل April
مايُو May
يونِيو June
يولِيو July
أَغُسْطُس August
سِبْتَمْبِر September
أُكْتُوبِر October (error in textbook vowels)
نوفَمْبِر November
ديسَمْبِر December
بَعْدَ‎ غَد the day after tomorrow
أَوَّل أَمْس the day before yesterday Literally "the first yesterday"
زِيارة (زِيارات) visit (noun)
نائِب (نُوّاب) (nāʾib (nuwwāb)) deputy Derived from the active participle of نَابَ‎ (nāba, “to represent, to act as a deputy”), from the root ن و ب‎ (n-w-b). Compare نَابَ "to replace, to substitute; to act on behalf of, to represent; to nod assent to, to agree with, to turn towards"
الاِقْتِصاد the economy Verbal noun of اِقْتَصَدَ‎ (iqtaṣada), from the root ق ص د‎ (q-ṣ-d). "Related to objectives, projects". Compare قَصَدَ "to mean, to intend"
صَلَّح / يُصَلِّح to mend/fix From the root ص ل ح‎ (ṣ-l-ḥ) "forms words relating to righteousness or correcting". Different root from Unit 16 صَحا "to wake up" (ص ح و, related to purity and clearing), Unit 18 الصِحَّة "health" (ص ح ح, "relating to health and truth").
رَسْميّ official Relative adjective (nisba) composed of رَسْم‎ (rasm, “drawing, official document, ceremony, formality”) +‎ ـِيّ‎ (-iyy).
الريف the countryside
في الحَقيقة actually/in truth